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| 1800 |
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| Jefferson becomes US president |
| Volta makes first battery |
| 1801 | Irish act of Union | First census | Concordat between Napoleon and Pole |  | Gauss develops his Theory of Number |
| 1802 |
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| Peace of Amiens |
| Charlotte Dundas: First Steamship |
| 1803 | Suppression of rebellion in Ireland; Wellesley defeats Indians in Maratha War | Forms new Anti-Napoleon coaltion | Lousiana Purchase | Beethoven's Eroica Symphoney | Dalton's Atomic theory |
| 1804 |
| First Corn Law | Haitian Independence |
| Trevithick's first steam rail locomotive |
| 1805 |
| Nelson wins Battle of Trafalgar | Austerlitz; Mehemet Ali becomes Pasha of Egypt |
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| 1806 |
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| Napoleon's continental system |
| Beaufort's scale of wind velocity |
| 1807 | Prohibition of shipment of slaves in British ships or to British colonies |
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| Hegel's Philosophy of History |
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| 1808 |
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| Spanish uprising against French; Wellesley lands in Lisbon |
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| 1809 |
| Cobbett imprisoned for criticising flogging in the army |
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| Samuel Sommering's electric telegraph |
| 1810 | Seizure of Cape Colony |
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| 1811 |
| George III insane; Luddites smash spinning and weaving machinery | Egypt: Mamelukes overthrown by Mehemet Ali |
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| 1812 | War of 1812 | PM Spencer assassinated | Napoleon's Russian campaign | Grimm's fairy tales |
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| 1813 | English East India company loses monopoly |
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| Jane Austin's Pride and prejudice |
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| 1814 |
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| Treaty of Ghent ends war |
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| 1815 | Receives Cape Colony and naval bases at Congress of Vienna; British East India Company take Ceylon from the Dutch | Waterloo | End of Napoleonic war; Congress of Vienna |
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| 1816 | The Zulu king Shaka comes to power |
| Congress of Tucuman | British museum acquires Elgin Marbles | Stethoscope invented |
| 1817 |
| Habeas Corpus suspended | Monroe becomes US president |
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| 1818 | Shaka forms Zulu kingdom |
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| Mary Shelley's Frankenstein |
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| 1819 | Raffles founds Singapore | Peterloo massacre | US purchases Florida | Schubert's Trout quintet | Macadamized roads developed; The Savannah is the first steamship to cross the Atlantic |
| 1820 |
| George IV becomes king |
| Scott's Ivanhoe |
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| 1821 | Sierra Leone, Gambia and the Gold Coast are combined to form British West Africa | Famine in Ireland | Mexico and Peru gain independence; Napoleon dies on St. Helena | Quincy's Confession of an Opium Eater | Faraday invents electric motor |
| 1822 | Discovery of a Tea bush growing wild in India ends Chinese monopoly |
| Liberia founded for freed US slaves | Rosetta stone deciphered by Champollion | First Iron Steamship sails |
| 1823 | Daniel O'Connell forms Catholic Association, First Anglo-Burmese war | Rugby invented | Monroe doctrine |
| Rubberized cotton developed by Macintosh |
| 1824 |
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| Beethoven's Ninth Symphony |
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| 1825 |
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| Java War |
| Stockton Darlington railway |
| 1826 | Straights settlement; Penang, Malacca and Singapore |
| Seku Ahmadu conquers Timbuktu | J. F. Cooper's Last of the Mohicans |
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| 1827 | joint Anglo-French fleet defeats Turks at Navarino | PM Canning dies | France intervenes in Algeria | Death of Beethoven | photographs produced on a metal plate |
| 1828 | The Hindu BrahmoSamaj sect established in India | Duke of Wellington becomes Prime Minister | Queen Ranavalona rules Madacasgar |
| Dutch manufacturer Houten develops the chocolate bar |
| 1829 | Western Australia founded; abolition of Suttee in India | Catholic Emancipation; Police founded | Jackson US president | Braille invented | Stephenson's Rocket |
| 1830 |
| Lord Grey PM, William IV King | France takes Algeria |
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| 1831 |
| Cholera epidemic | Greek Independence |
| Darwin begins Beagle voyage |
| 1832 |
| Reform act | American Indians forcibly resettled |
| Morse invents code |
| 1833 | Abolition of slavery throughout Empire, Falklands annexed |
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| 1834 | Tolpuddle martyrs transported to Australia | Workhouses established |
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| 1835 | Boers start Great Trek | Railway Boom |  |
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| 1836 | South Australia becomes a province |
| Texas independent from Mexico | Chopin's 24 Preludes |
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| 1837 | Patriot War Rebellion in Canada | Queen Victoria starts reign June 20th | Padri War, Dutch sack Sumatran fortress of Bonjol |
| Electric Telegraph invented. Euston becomes London's first railway station |
| 1838 | First Afghan war starts (1838- 1842); Myall creek massacre in NSW; Battle of Blood River in South Africa; First Canadian railway starts operating |  | Pastry War between Mexico and France |
| Screw propellor invented |
| 1839 | First Opium war in China (1839-42) | Anti-Corn law, Chartists | Mehemet Ali defeats Turks |  | Faraday's theory of electromagnetism |
| 1840 | Treaty of Waitangi in New Zealand, Canadian provinces act of Union, Ndebele found Matabeleland | Victoria marries Albert, first postage stamps |  |
| First bicycle |
| 1841 | Hong Kong established, Livingstone arrives in Africa | Peel PM | Said ibn Sayyid makes Zanzibar his capital |  |
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| 1842 | Treaty of Nanking, US/Canada border agreed, Kabul garrison annihilated in Khyber pass, Brooke made Rajah of Sarawak | Income tax reintroduced | France occupies Tahiti, Guinea and Gabon | Verdi's Nabucco | First use of Anaesthetic in an operation |
| 1843 | Sind conquered |
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| Brunel's SS Great Britain |
| 1844 |
| Factory acts |
| Turner's Rain, Steam, Speed |
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| 1845 | First Sikh War (1845-46), Irish potato famine (1845-48) |
| US annexes Texas | Engels' Condition of the working class in England | Galvanised corrugated Iron invented, Pneumatic tyre invented |
| 1846 | Second Xhosa war | Corn Laws repealed | Mexican-US war (1846-48) |
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| 1847 |
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| Charlotte Bronte's Jane Eyre and Emily Bronte's Wuthering Heights |
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| 1848 | Second Sikh War (1848-49) |  | European uprisings; Gold discovered in California | Communist Manifesto |
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| 1849 | Gough annexes Punjab | Navigation Acts repealed | California Gold Rush |
| Safety Pin patented; Speed of Light accurately measured by Fizeau |
| 1850 | Australian Colonies Act | Irish Franchise Act | Taiping Rebellion |
| Kelvin's Law of conservation of energy |
| 1851 | Gold discovered in Australia | Great Exhibition at Crystal Palace | Fall of French Second Republic | Great Exhibition | Great Exhibition |
| 1852 | Second Anglo-Burmese War (1852-5), Livingstone crosses Africa (1852-56), Transvaal Independent | Aberdeen PM |
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| 1853 | First railways and telegraph in India |
| Commodore Perry arrives in Japan with a US fleet | Verdi's La Traviata | Hypodermic syringe invented |
| 1854 | Eureka rebellion in Victoria | Civil Service formed | Crimean War (1854-56); USA forces Japanese to start trading |
| John Snow proves cholera is a water borne disease |
| 1855 |
| Palmerston PM; Livingstone is the first European to see the Victoria falls |
| Telegraph's Crimean War coverage | Mendel's discovery of laws of heredity |
| 1856 | Oudh annexed, Second Chinese Opium War (1856-60) | Victoria Cross established |
| Flaubert's Madame Bovary published | First refrigerator ship, synthetic colours invented |
| 1857 | Indian Mutiny (1857-58) |  Indian Mutiny"> |
| Trollope's Barchester Towers | Trans Atlantic cable completed |
| 1858 | East India Company dissolved, Burton and Speke discover Lake Tanganyika |
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| 1859 |
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| John Brown at Harper's Ferry | J.S. Mill's On Liberty | Darwin's Origin of Species, Oil pumped in Pennsylvania |
| 1860 | Kowloon leased from China, Taranaki Wars in NZ (1860-70) |
| Garibaldi's red shirts start Italian Unification |
| Bessemer's mass production of Steel |
| 1861 |
| Death of Prince Albert | American Civil War (1861-65), Russia abolishes Serfdom | Eliot's Silas Marner | Pasteur's Germ Theory of disease |
| 1862 |
| American Civil war results in the steep reduction of cotton supplies which in turn forces many mills to close |
| French start to colonise Vietnam |
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| 1863 |
| Football Association formed, Salvation Army started | Emancipation of US slaves |
| Maxwell's theory of electro magnetism |
| 1864 |
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| Red Cross founded | Jules Verne's Voyage to the Centre of the Earth |
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| 1865 |
| Russell PM | Lincoln assassinated | Lewis Carroll's Alice's adventures in Wonderland, Wagner's Tristan and Isolde |
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| 1866 | Livingstone's third journey in Africa (1866-73) | Derby PM | Ku Klux Klan started in US |
| Nobel invents dynamite; Mendel published his research into Genetics |
| 1867 | Canada becomes a Dominion; Diamonds discovered in South Africa | Second Reform Act | US buys Alaska, Meiji restoration in Japan | Japanese art exhibited in Paris |
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| 1868 | Abyssinian campaign | Gladstone PM, TUC formed |
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| Traffic signal in London, Helium discovered |
| 1869 | Suez Canal opened |  |
| Tolstoy's War and Peace finished |
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| 1870 | Rhodes arrives in Africa, Cable links Australia and London | elementary education act | Franco-Prussian war; Schliemann discovers Troy |
| Periodic table developed by Mendelev |
| 1871 | Stanley finds Livingstone; Vancouver and British Columbia join Canada | Trade Unions become legal | Paris Commune; Wilhelm I emperor of Germany | Verdi's Aida performed | Pullman introduces the Sleeper car |
| 1872 | Earl Mayo, Viceroy of India is murdered | Secret ballot introduced |
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| Vacuum flask, air brakes, typewriter and colour photography are all invented |
| 1873 | Royal Canadian Mounted Police formed |
| Dutch suppress revolt in Sumatra: Acheh war (1873-1903) | Tolstoy's Anna Karenina |
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| 1874 | Gold Coast becomes colony | Disraeli forms government |
| First Impressionist exhibition |  |
| 1875 | Britain buys Suez canal shares; Fiji islands annexed; Prince of Wales visits India; New Zealand parliament formed |
| French republican constitution passed | Bizet's Carmen | Bell patents telephone |
| 1876 | Victoria becomes Empress of India; Famine in India | Plimsoll line introduced | Battle of Little Bighorn | Brahms' first symphony |
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| 1877 | Last Xhosa war; annexation of Transvaal |
| Russo-Turkish war (1877-78) | Tchaikovsky's Swan Lake | Edison invents Gramophone |
| 1878 | Cyprus gained; Second Afghan war (1878-1880) | Salvation army established | Congress of Berlin settles Balkan crisis | Gilbert and Sullivan's HMS Pinafore | Channel tunnel attempted |
| 1879 | Zulu war; Anglo-French control over Egypt |  | German / Austo-Hungarian Dual Alliance | Ibsen's The Doll's House | First Tramways in Berlin |
| 1880 | Borneo and Brunei become protectorates; Rhodes founds De Beers; Ned Kelly hanged in Melbourne; first boer war (1880-81); Kruger becomes president of Transvaal | Gladstone's Midlothian campaign |  |  | Pasteur discovers Streptococcus bacteria; First electric street light in New York; Charles Lavern proves that Malaria is caused by a parasite in the blood. |
| 1881 | Mahdi war in Sudan (1881-98) | Irish land and coercion acts | Jewish pogroms in East Europe; Alexander II assassinated | Nietzche's Aurora | Electricity exhibition in Paris |
| 1882 | Occupation of Egypt | Phoenix park murders | Triple Alliance |
| First hydro electric station in US |
| 1883 |
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| Krakatoa explodes; Germans take SW Africa |  |
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| 1884 | Berlin conference to discuss colonisation | Third Reform act; Fabians established | Sino-French war (1884-85) |
| Rayon's artificial fibres |
| 1885 | Gordon killed in Khartoum; Indian National Congress formed; Canadian Pacific railway completed; Burma fully occupied; Gold discovered in Transvaal |  | Belgian Congo under Leopold |  | Daimler and Benz build automobile; unique quality of fingerprints established |
| 1886 | Royal Niger Co. Charter; Colonial and Indian exhibition; Gold discovered in Transvaal | Gladstone resigns over Ireland; Chamberlain forms Liberal Unionists | Slavery ends in Cuba; Tunisia becomes French protectorate |
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| 1887 | British East Africa Co. charter awarded; Zululand becomes protectorate; First colonial conference | Victoria's Golden jubilee | Boulanger fails to gain office | Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes | Radio waves discovered by Hertz |
| 1888 |
| County Councils formed | French Indo-China formed; slavery ended in Brazil; Wilhelm II emperor of Gemany | Van Gogh to Arles | Dunlop's pneumatic tyre |
| 1889 | British South Africa Co. Charter awarded; Rhodesia established | London Dock strike | Japan's Meiji constitution; Italy takes Somalia and Ethiopia | Eiffel Tower completed |
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| 1890 | Heligoland ceded to Germans | Parnell resigns | Bismarck dismissed; German control over East African territories; Indians massacred at Wounded Knee | Death of Van Gogh |
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| 1891 | Australian demands for Trade protection and unification |
| Trans-Siberian railway begun; Germany develops first pension scheme | Gaughin travels to Tahiti |
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| 1892 |
| Gladstone's fourth ministry | Franco-Russian alliance |
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| 1893 | Matabele war; East African protectorate; Women's suffrage in New Zealand | Independent labour party formed | French colonise Ivory Coast, Laos and Guinea | Tchaikovsky's Sixth symphony; Dvorak's New World Symphony |
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| 1894 | Uganda becomes protectorate; Jameson occupies Matabeleland | Rosebery PM | Sino-Japanese war (1894-95); Tsar Nicholas II; French take Madacasgar | Rudyard Kipling's Jungle book | Escalator lifts (US); Manchester ship canal completed |
| 1895 | Jameson Raid | Salisbury PM | Japan takes Taiwan; Cuban rebellions begin | Oscar Wilde imprisoned | Cinema, safety razors, wireless telegraphy and X-rays all invented |
| 1896 | Famine in India; Sudan war (1896-99); Kaiser telegram to Kruger; Matabele Revolt Brutally suppressed (1896-97) |  | Olympic games started; Nobel peace prizes started |
| Radioactivity of Uranium discovered |
| 1897 | Victoria's Diamond Jubilee; destruction of Benin city; uprising on North West frontier |
| Dreyfus affair |
| Thomson discovers electrons; aspirin marketed; diesel engines invented |
| 1898 | Omdurman and Fashoda in Sudan; Curzon viceroy of India |  | Spanish-American war; Germany's Tirpitz plan | Zola's J'accuse | Curies' Radium |
| 1899 | Boer war (1899-1902) |  | Boxer rebellion |  | Zeppelin invents his airship |
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